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2cy Caspian Gulls
1: © Mars Muusse, 15-01-04. An example of a "classic" cachinnans. A few coverts have been replaced to second generation feathers.
2: © Ruud Altenburg, 17-01-04. Large and heavy build bird, most probably a male.
3: © Ruud Altenburg, 13-01-04. Another male.
4: © Mars Muusse, 13-01-04. This more delicately build bird probably is a female. Note the meticulous white throat, breast and underparts.
5: © Ruud Altenburg, 13-01-04. Apparently not all cachinnans are obviously long/thin-legged. The greyish scapulars may appear slightly darker than they really are because of the white background.
6: © Mars Muusse, 15-01-04. Already very worn, resulting in poorly marked, almost plain greyish scapulars, an almost completely white head and very abraded coverts and tertials—in January!
7: © Mars Muusse, 15-01-04. Extremely bleached bird that nicely shows which feathers have been replaced during the post-juvenile moult.
8: © Mars Muusse, 15-01-04. A bird that has moulted two greater, a lot of median and several lesser coverts, plus one tertial in the post-juvenile moult.
9: © Mars Muusse, 14-01-04. Beautiful male.
10-11: © Ruud Altenburg, 13 and 14-01-04. Kiev L-001754, ringed as a pullus on 03-06-03 in Kanivska GES, Ukraine. A very advanced bird, which has replaced nearly all visible coverts in its left wing. Note the bold, dark scapular centres in 10.
12: © Mars Muusse, 15-01-04. Another rather dark bird.
13: © Ruud Altenburg, 15-01-04. Rather dark 2cy L cachinnans (left) and 2cy L argentatus. See Mixed groups for more pictures allowing direct comparison of cachinnans and argentatus.
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